Isn’t a thermostat essentially an on-off switch connected to a sensor?
Depends on your boiler. Some get a value from the thermostat depending on the difference to target temperature - which then makes the boiler control the heating intensity. And others just use an on/off kind of control.
In this place I’m renting here, there’s a Honeywell CM927 on the wall and a BDR91 which, indeed, seems to be just a simple on/off switch.
So, depending on your boiler, you could get away with a cheap Zigbee/Wifi switch module (mostly sold for lights - just make sure it has a separate switch circuit and is not sending live mains power to the boiler!) and feed room temperatures into Home Assistant via cheap temperature sensors. Then implement the whole heating logic in HA.
(nb. Most newer thermostats “learn” how long it takes to heat up the room to the target temperature and will adjust the starting time of the heating process accordingly. This way, you never have to change your schedules between winter and summer. This is also something you’d have to implement yourself, if you want HA to do all the heating.)
A gas-fuelled heating thingy.